In a wet scrubber, the solvent is typically a liquid used to absorb or neutralize pollutants from a gas stream. The most common solvent used is water, but other chemical solutions can also be employed depending on the specific contaminants being targeted. Here are some details:

Common Solvents Used:
Water:
Most widely used due to its availability and effectiveness in removing particulate matter and certain gases.
Chemical Solutions:
Acidic Solutions: Such as sulfuric acid or hydrochloric acid, used to neutralize basic pollutants (e.g., ammonia).
Basic Solutions: Such as sodium hydroxide, used to neutralize acidic gases (e.g., sulfur dioxide).
Organic Solvents: In some cases, organic solvents may be used to target specific volatile organic compounds (VOCs).
Selection Criteria:
The choice of solvent depends on factors such as:
Type of Pollutants: Different solvents are effective for different types of contaminants.
pH Requirements: The pH of the solvent can significantly influence its effectiveness in absorption.
Environmental Regulations: Compliance with local regulations regarding discharge and chemical use.
Role of the Solvent:
The solvent interacts with the pollutants, either by dissolving them in the liquid or by undergoing a chemical reaction, thus reducing the concentration of harmful substances in the exhaust gas.
In summary, while water is the most common solvent in wet scrubbers, the specific choice depends on the pollutants being controlled and the desired chemical reactions.